Maturation and reproduction in captivity of the white shrimp "Litopenaeus schmitti" Burkenroad in Cuba
Keywords:
white shrimp, broodstock, maturation, reproduction, neurohormones, Litopenaeus schmittiAbstract
Cuban experience in shrimp farming as an industry started in 1987 with the white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti, an autochthonous specie whose seed production reached 2338 t in 2000. For making possible the program of shrimp farming in Cuba, it was required to carry out basic and applied studies that would allowed commercial scale cultivation. This article proposes a compilation of the main results obtained during more than twenty years of research in this matter. Among the first achievements were the induction of maturation, reproduction and spawning in captivity conditions and then the closure of the production cycle. Collaterally, taking wild populations as a standard, studies of biochemical variations associated with the ovarian maturation of the females were performed, yielding useful information to select diets, both fresh and pelleted. Results of immediate application were correlated with the search of quality indicators in the breeders associated with the sperm quantity and quality, the biochemical composition of the tissues and effectors of the innate immune response. The morphological characterization of the eyestalk and the localization of the neurosecretory complex Organ X-Sinus gland made it possible to perform studies of its hormonal neuropeptides associated to the endocrine control of reproduction in decapod crustaceans. The set of results displayed in this review contributed to reaching an original technology to achieve the reproduction of L. schmitti in a closed cycle in Cuba and established the foundations for starting in 2003 to adapt and implement this technology in L. vannamei.
Received: 06.12.2018 Accepted: 12.02.2019
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