Potencialidades de los celulares inteligentes para investigaciones biológicas. Parte 3: Cámaras digitales
Palabras clave:
análisis de imágenes, mediciones digitales, sensores CMOS, Sistemas de Identificación AutomatizadaResumen
Los modelos modernos de teléfonos inteligentes contienen potentes cámaras digitales con sensores que rivalizan con equipos profesionales pero que, al unirse a sus capacidades de procesamiento y comunicación, amplían el rango de aplicaciones potenciales en el campo de la investigación. En este trabajo se hace una revisión de las potencialidades que brindan estas cámaras y sus aplicaciones a investigaciones biológicas y biomédicas. Entre estas se encuentra que la capacidad de leer y registrar códigos de barras y de respuesta rápida puede ser aprovechada como método de marcaje. Diferentes aplicaciones pueden desarrollar análisis morfométricos avanzados a partir de las imágenes captadas, tanto para la toma de mediciones, análisis de patrones e identificación automatizada de especies o individuos. Se ha desarrollado la microscopía portable a través de dispositivos adjuntos relativamente simples. El sensor de estas provee datos de 8 o 16 bits en los canales de color primario de la luz que permiten su uso en colorimetría, fotometría y espectrometría para aplicaciones bioanalíticas en la detección y evaluación de la concentración de sustancias químicas. Además, en el monitoreo de la calidad del aire, turbidez del agua y para caracterizar el color del suelo. También se han usado en el monitoreo de la radiación ultravioleta. La activación automática por movimiento y la toma de videos permiten su uso en estudios conductuales. Toda esta gama de aplicaciones y potencialidades hacen que el teléfono inteligente se pueda convertir en un importante y versátil instrumento de investigación.
Citación: Ferrer-Sánchez, Y., Felipe, F.L., Cruz, D.D. & Denis, D. 2022. Potencialidades de los celulares inteligentes para
investigaciones biológicas. Parte 3: Cámaras digitales. Revista Jard. Bot. Nac. Univ. Habana 43: 15-31.
Recibido: 01 de octubre de 2021. Aceptado: 25 de enero de 2022. Publicado en línea: 20 de abril de 2022. Editor encargado: Luis Manuel Leyva.
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