Potencialidades de los celulares inteligentes para investigaciones biológicas. Parte 1: Sensores integrados
Palabras clave:
brecha tecnológica, herramientas alternativas, sensores microelectrónicos, teléfonosResumen
Los teléfonos celulares han irrumpido en todos los aspectos de la vida de la mayor parte de la humanidad, incluyendo las actividades profesionales y científicas. Numerosas aplicaciones apoyan al investigador en el seguimiento de protocolos experimentales, manejo de bibliografía y como vía de conexión inalámbrica con otros equipos. Pero la amplia gama de sensores miniaturizados integrados que poseen, de alta precisión y que actúan en aspectos ocultos del funcionamiento del equipo, no ha sido aún lo suficientemente explotada. Los celulares modernos contienen potentes cámaras digitales, micrófonos, receptores GPS/GNSS, acelerómetros, giroscopios, sensores de magnetismo, luxómetros, barómetros, termómetros, sensores de humedad, sensores biométricos y muchos otros, que tienen el potencial de convertirse en importantes aliados para la recolecta de datos durante el trabajo de un investigador. A partir de ellos han aparecido las aplicaciones de brújulas, altímetros, escáneres, lectores de códigos de barras o QR, identificadores de rostros, sonidos o especies, detectores de metales, de movimientos o de vibraciones, podómetros, colorímetros, espectrómetros y muchas más. Todas estas herramientas están impactando un amplio espectro de campos científicos como la medicina, las ciencias sociales, el monitoreo ambiental, el transporte y la industria. Sin embargo, aún existe desconocimiento de sus ventajas y posibilidades, por lo cual, en este trabajo, se hace una revisión de las potencialidades que brindan estos sensores y sus aplicaciones en las investigaciones biológicas. En condiciones donde el equipamiento tecnológico es limitado, los celulares, sus sensores y las aplicaciones correspondientes pueden ser alternativas eficientes para sobrellevar la brecha tecnológica y aumentar la calidad de las investigaciones.
Citación: Denis, D., Cruz, D.D., Ferrer-Sánchez, Y. & Felipe, F.L. 2021. Potencialidades de los celulares inteligentes para investigaciones biológicas. Parte 1: Sensores integrados. Revista Jard. Bot. Nac. Univ. Habana 42: 77-91.
Recibido: 17 de septiembre de 2020. Aceptado: 25 de enero de 2021. Publicado en línea: 26 de abril de 2021. Editor encargado: Luis Manuel Leyva.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Dennis Denis, Daryl D. Cruz Flores, Yarelys Ferrer-Sánchez, Fermín L. Felipe Tamé
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