TY - JOUR AU - Hidalgo Gallo, Rosibel PY - 2023/03/22 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - EL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL EN EL PRIMER AÑO DE PANDEMIA JF - Revista Cubana de Economía Internacional JA - Rev. cuba. econ. int. VL - 8 IS - 1 SE - Artículos DO - UR - https://revistas.uh.cu/rcei/article/view/3007 SP - AB - <p><span id="page3R_mcid26" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*388.27px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01772);" role="presentation">Los resultados del comercio internacional en el año 2020 reflejaron los efectos</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*404.23px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.03778);" role="presentation">de la pandemia de Covid</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*223.01px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*404.23px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*226.97px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*404.23px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.03813);" role="presentation">19. La crisis sanitaria global acentuó rasgos que ya</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*420.07px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0533);" role="presentation">venían destacándose y añadió nuevos matices a las relaciones comerciales</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00007);" role="presentation">internacionales.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*176.35px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.003);" role="presentation">La</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*196.96px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998905);" role="presentation">compos</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*239.09px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.99919);" role="presentation">ición</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*270.97px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06584);" role="presentation">regional del comercio</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*399.75px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.992501);" role="presentation">tuvo</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*429.47px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*435.93px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999405);" role="presentation">peculiaridades,</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*451.77px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01158);" role="presentation">destacándose la participación de Asia y en particular, de la economía china. La</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00247);" role="presentation">estructura</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*149.50px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998836);" role="presentation">sectorial</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*205.01px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00437);" role="presentation">del</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*232.09px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.996878);" role="presentation">comercio</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*291.68px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.994903);" role="presentation">de</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*315.90px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999903);" role="presentation">mercancías</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*388.93px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">y</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*405.84px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.996915);" role="presentation">servicios</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*463.40px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.61px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00051);" role="presentation">presentó</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*483.57px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0439);" role="presentation">características diferenciadas según los grupos de product</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*405.67px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*483.57px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0674);" role="presentation">os y categorías de</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*499.41px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00816);" role="presentation">servicios. La contracción del comercio de servicios fue más profunda que la del</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*515.25px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04115);" role="presentation">comercio de mercancías; aunque algunos servicios fueron menos afectados.</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*531.09px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06097);" role="presentation">En el comercio de bienes el comportamiento fue también heterogéneo.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*491.14px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*531.09px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998345);" role="presentation">Las</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*547.05px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">p</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*91.82px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*547.05px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999867);" role="presentation">erturbacion</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*151.94px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*547.05px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08782);" role="presentation">es en las CGV</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*241.85px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*547.05px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00167);" role="presentation">acentuaron</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*307.73px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*547.05px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.07352);" role="presentation">los efectos de la pandemia sobre la</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*562.89px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01516);" role="presentation">producción y el comercio</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*224.09px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*562.89px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999794);" role="presentation">internacional</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*292.13px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*562.89px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*299.45px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*562.89px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01572);" role="presentation">La situación generada por la pandemia</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*578.73px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02092);" role="presentation">también significó retos adicionales para la Organización Mundial del Comercio</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*594.57px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.09428);" role="presentation">(OMC), que acumula otros de carácter in</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*323.11px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*594.57px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0663);" role="presentation">terno pendientes de solución.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*497.14px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*594.57px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.994903);" role="presentation">La</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*610.56px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0308);" role="presentation">solidez y estabilidad de la evolución del comercio internacional en tiempos de</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00072);" role="presentation">pandemia</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*137.90px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">,</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*151.58px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00016);" role="presentation">se</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*174.72px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.99776);" role="presentation">relacionan</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*240.42px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998261);" role="presentation">estrechamente</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*330.19px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00207);" role="presentation">con</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*359.95px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999572);" role="presentation">la</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*379.62px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998159);" role="presentation">combinación</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*457.32px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998976);" role="presentation">entre</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*494.97px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*626.40px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999739);" role="presentation">las</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*642.24px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00016);" role="presentation">características</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*167.06px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*642.24px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02025);" role="presentation">estructurales de las economías</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*341.23px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*642.24px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">y</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*351.67px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*642.24px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999572);" role="presentation">la</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*365.59px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*642.24px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02448);" role="presentation">efectividad de las medida</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*504.46px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*642.24px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">s</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*658.08px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.07183);" role="presentation">aplicadas para enfre</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*201.65px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*658.08px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.09231);" role="presentation">ntar el complejo</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*301.38px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*658.08px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00011);" role="presentation">escenario.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*363.95px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*658.08px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.994903);" role="presentation">La</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*384.45px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*658.08px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.05416);" role="presentation">existencia de</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*465.48px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*658.08px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998299);" role="presentation">vacunas</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0024);" role="presentation">contra</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*128.62px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.984154);" role="presentation">la</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*147.91px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.99661);" role="presentation">Covid</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*178.58px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*182.54px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.003);" role="presentation">19</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*205.90px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999588);" role="presentation">podría</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*250.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0008);" role="presentation">significar</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*307.33px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.003);" role="presentation">un</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*330.70px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00008);" role="presentation">mejoramiento</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*413.42px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.996835);" role="presentation">potencial</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*471.36px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.003);" role="presentation">de</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*494.84px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*674.04px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.992699);" role="presentation">las</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*689.88px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08342);" role="presentation">condiciones actuales. Sin embrago, por tratarse de un problema global, la</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*705.72px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.03769);" role="presentation">disponibilidad de vacunas no sería su</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*292.85px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*705.72px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02828);" role="presentation">ficiente sin las indispensables garantías</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*85.10px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*721.56px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999667);" role="presentation">de un acceso también global</span></span></p> ER -