DISEÑO DE CIRCUNSCRIPCIONES ELECTORALES EN EL ECUADOR

Abstract

The present work aims to design and implement a linear and integer programming model that allows partitioning a region into a given number of territories, according to certain measures of activity. Specifically, the proposed optimization model seeks to divide geographically certain provinces of Ecuador in a fixed number of electoral districts and satisfying the requirements established in the Elections Law of Ecuador, where the territories must be balanced in accordance with populational, and political measures. Moreover, it is required that the dispersion between the basic units within constituted districts is minimized. The computational complexity of the model has been determined and a heuristic method in two phases is exposed. Finally, computational experiments based on real data are reported, where the method obtains results close to the optimum in relatively short times